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VM - Resize a .vdi disk

I created a VM with 10G disk, after the Linux 7 installation, and the first upgrade, decided was better to increase the disk to 50GB.

This post , i'm sharing the steps and commands I ran to increase the disk size.

Software :
Host : Windows 10 Pro , Oracle VM 6.1.2
Guest : Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.1 (Maipo) / Oracle Linux Server release 7.1

Ok - the first step is to resize the *vdi disk on the host side.

Open a PowerShell console in the VM folder (Left Shift + Mouse Right Click on Windows)







Quick list and check on the files.


PS D:\VMs\OracleLinux7_MSSQL> ls
Directory: D:\VMs\OracleLinux7_MSSQL

Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
 ----                -------------         ------ ----
 d-----       09/02/2020     18:40                Logs
 -a----       09/02/2020     18:41           5689 OracleLinux7_MSSQL.vbox
 -a----       09/02/2020     18:41           5688 OracleLinux7_MSSQL.vbox-prev
 -a----       09/02/2020     18:40     9268363264 OracleLinux7_MSSQL.vdi

PS D:\VMs\OracleLinux7_MSSQL>  VBoxManage.exe | Select-string show

  showvminfo                <uuid|vmname> [--details]
  showvminfo                <uuid|vmname> --log <idx>
  showmediuminfo            [disk|dvd|floppy] <uuid|filename>
  VBoxManage snapshot <uuid|vmname> showvminfo <snapshot-name>
  VBoxManage debugvm <uuid|vmname> show [--human-readable | --sh-export | --sh-eval | --cmd-set] [settings-item...]
  VBoxManage cloudprofile <--provider=name> <--profile=name> show

PS D:\VMs\OracleLinux7_MSSQL>  VBoxManage.exe showmediuminfo .\OracleLinux7_MSSQL.vdi
UUID:           817eacdb-0bf2-4c9b-87de-e7c449996e72
Parent UUID:    base
State:          locked write
Type:           normal (base)
Location:       D:\VMs\OracleLinux7_MSSQL\OracleLinux7_MSSQL.vdi
Storage format: VDI
Format variant: dynamic default
Capacity:       10240 MBytes
Size on disk:   8839 MBytes
Encryption:     disabled
Property:       AllocationBlockSize=1048576
In use by VMs:  OracleLinux7_MSSQL (UUID: c247ec24-5f12-42be-9a68-21794947491b)




Ok - the *vdi disk, is done using : VBoxManage.exe modifymedium

With the VM down, ran the commands , make a copy then resize to about 52GB. 


PS D:\VMs\OracleLinux7_MSSQL> copy OracleLinux7_MSSQL.vdi OracleLinux7_MSSQL.vdi.backup
PS D:\VMs\OracleLinux7_MSSQL>  VBoxManage.exe | Select-string medium

  closemedium               [disk|dvd|floppy] <uuid|filename>
                            [--medium none|emptydrive|additions|
  showmediuminfo            [disk|dvd|floppy] <uuid|filename>
  createmedium              [disk|dvd|floppy] --filename <filename>
  modifymedium              [disk|dvd|floppy] <uuid|filename>
  clonemedium               [disk|dvd|floppy] <uuid|inputfile> <uuid|outputfile>
  mediumproperty            [disk|dvd|floppy] set <uuid|filename>
  encryptmedium             <uuid|filename>
  checkmediumpwd            <uuid|filename>
 Medium content access:
  VBoxManage mediumio <--disk=uuid|filename | --dvd=uuid|filename | --floppy=uuid|filename>
  VBoxManage mediumio <--disk=uuid|filename | --dvd=uuid|filename | --floppy=uuid|filename>
  VBoxManage mediumio <--disk=uuid|filename | --dvd=uuid|filename | --floppy=uuid|filename>

PS D:\VMs\OracleLinux7_MSSQL>  VBoxManage.exe modifymedium .\OracleLinux7_MSSQL.vdi  --resize 50000
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%

PS D:\VMs\OracleLinux7_MSSQL>  VBoxManage.exe showmediuminfo .\OracleLinux7_MSSQL.vdi
UUID:           817eacdb-0bf2-4c9b-87de-e7c449996e72
Parent UUID:    base
State:          locked write
Type:           normal (base)
Location:       D:\VMs\OracleLinux7_MSSQL\OracleLinux7_MSSQL.vdi
Storage format: VDI
Format variant: dynamic default
Capacity:       50000 MBytes
Size on disk:   8839 MBytes
Encryption:     disabled
Property:       AllocationBlockSize=1048576
In use by VMs:  OracleLinux7_MSSQL (UUID: c247ec24-5f12-42be-9a68-21794947491b)

After running the command we can see capacity is now about 50GB

Capacity: 50000 MBytes
Size on disk: 8839 MBytes


Now inside the VM guest, the file system stills with old size, the df anf fdisk shows as below


[root@localhost ~]# df -h 
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ol-root  8.5G  8.4G   87M 100% /
devtmpfs             1.4G     0  1.4G   0% /dev
tmpfs                1.4G  148K  1.4G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                1.4G  8.8M  1.4G   1% /run
tmpfs                1.4G     0  1.4G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1            497M  149M  349M  30% /boot


[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l 

Disk /dev/sda: 52.4 GB, 52428800000 bytes, 102400000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0002d820

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     1026047      512000   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         1026048    20971519     9972736   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/ol-root: 9093 MB, 9093251072 bytes, 17760256 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/ol-swap: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I followed the approach :


1- recreate the partition /dev/sda2.


[root@Unknown-08-00-27-5f-5c-3e ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition\'s system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 52.4 GB, 52428800000 bytes, 102400000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0002d820

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     1026047      512000   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         1026048    20971519     9972736   8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 
Partition 2 is deleted

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): 
Using default response p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 
First sector (1026048-102399999, default 1026048): 
Using default value 1026048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (1026048-102399999, default 102399999): 
Using default value 102399999
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 48.3 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 52.4 GB, 52428800000 bytes, 102400000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0002d820

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     1026047      512000   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         1026048   102399999    50686976   83  Linux

Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e  
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 52.4 GB, 52428800000 bytes, 102400000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0002d820

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     1026047      512000   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         1026048   102399999    50686976   8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.

Reboot and ckeck again,
OK: /dev/sda2 1026048 102399999 50686976 8e Linux LVM

The filesystem remains with old size.
KO: /dev/mapper/ol-root 8.5G 8.4G 87M 100% /


[root@localhost ~]# disk -l 

Disk /dev/sda: 52.4 GB, 52428800000 bytes, 102400000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0002d820

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     1026047      512000   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         1026048   102399999    50686976   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/ol-root: 9093 MB, 9093251072 bytes, 17760256 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/ol-swap: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ol-root  8.5G  8.4G   87M 100% /
devtmpfs             1.4G     0  1.4G   0% /dev
tmpfs                1.4G   92K  1.4G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                1.4G  8.8M  1.4G   1% /run
tmpfs                1.4G     0  1.4G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1            497M  149M  349M  30% /boot

By default the guest OS is using LVM,
we will need to resize the physical volume, with pvresize

[root@localhost ~]# pvs
  PV         VG   Fmt  Attr PSize PFree 
  /dev/sda2  ol   lvm2 a--  9.51g 40.00m
 
[root@localhost ~]# pvresize /dev/sda2
  Physical volume "/dev/sda2" changed
  1 physical volume(s) resized / 0 physical volume(s) not resized

[root@localhost ~]# pvs
  PV         VG   Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree 
  /dev/sda2  ol   lvm2 a--  48.34g 38.87g

[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2
  VG Name               ol
  PV Size               48.34 GiB / not usable 2.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes 
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              12374
  Free PE               9950
  Allocated PE          2424
  PV UUID               9ywHVe-AHYJ-QTQ0-sc10-DNPy-xuel-398B14

Then the Logical volume, with lvextend


[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ol/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                ol
  LV UUID                jbeaWF-6sbs-YGzQ-cd02-GFS5-FY0r-1QsTzn
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2018-09-14 09:56:00 +0100
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                1.00 GiB
  Current LE             256
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           252:1
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ol/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                ol
  LV UUID                5jSQc1-iJC4-EFAb-cdTr-vHAK-4fjn-2yGJ0q
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2018-09-14 09:56:02 +0100
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                8.47 GiB
  Current LE             2168
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           252:0
   
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ol-root
  Size of logical volume ol/root changed from 8.47 GiB (2168 extents) to 47.34 GiB (12118 extents).
  Logical volume root successfully resized

[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ol/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                ol
  LV UUID                jbeaWF-6sbs-YGzQ-cd02-GFS5-FY0r-1QsTzn
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2018-09-14 09:56:00 +0100
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                1.00 GiB
  Current LE             256
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           252:1
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ol/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                ol
  LV UUID                5jSQc1-iJC4-EFAb-cdTr-vHAK-4fjn-2yGJ0q
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2018-09-14 09:56:02 +0100
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                47.34 GiB
  Current LE             12118
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           252:0

Then extend the filesystem with : xfs_growfs


[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/ol-root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/ol-root    isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=555008 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0        finobt=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=2220032, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 2220032 to 12408832

[root@localhost ~]# df -h 
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ol-root   48G  8.4G   39G  18% /
devtmpfs             1.4G     0  1.4G   0% /dev
tmpfs                1.4G  148K  1.4G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                1.4G  8.8M  1.4G   1% /run
tmpfs                1.4G     0  1.4G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1            497M  149M  349M  30% /boot




Just a quick check on the host , remained the same.

Capacity: 50000 MBytes
Size on disk: 8839 MBytes





PS D:\VMs\OracleLinux7_MSSQL>  VBoxManage.exe showmediuminfo .\OracleLinux7_MSSQL.vdi
UUID:           817eacdb-0bf2-4c9b-87de-e7c449996e72
Parent UUID:    base
State:          locked write
Type:           normal (base)
Location:       D:\VMs\OracleLinux7_MSSQL\OracleLinux7_MSSQL.vdi
Storage format: VDI
Format variant: dynamic default
Capacity:       50000 MBytes
Size on disk:   8839 MBytes
Encryption:     disabled
Property:       AllocationBlockSize=1048576
In use by VMs:  OracleLinux7_MSSQL (UUID: c247ec24-5f12-42be-9a68-21794947491b)




More about this:
VBoxManage.exe
LVM ADMINISTRATION






Thank you for reading, hope this post was helpful.
Rogerio


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